Technical communication

Aquaculture Disease Forecast in September 2021 (Northeast and East China of North China)

In September 2021

Forecast and forecast of aquaculture diseases in Tianjin

prognostic

1. Pond aquaculture fish: some of the poor water quality of the pond prone to fresh water fish rotten gill disease, bacterial septicemia, enteritis; At the same time, attention should be paid to the potential harm of koi herpesvirus disease, crucian carp hematopoietic necrosis and other major freshwater fish viral diseases. Focus on freshwater and brackish water fish culture areas.

2. Seawater factory aquaculture fish: prone to rot tail disease, wheel worm disease. Focus on Marine industrial fish culture zones.

3. South American White shrimp: prone to white spot syndrome, vibriosis. Focus on South American white prawn culture areas.

The prevention and control measures

1. Prevention and control measures of viral diseases of cultured fish
(1) Regular virus detection.

(2) Feeding immunological agents to improve the immunity and disease resistance of fish.

(3) After the disease, the affected pool water and used fishing gear should be strictly disinfected, and the drainage of the affected pool water is strictly prohibited.

(4) It is strictly prohibited to use the diseased fish in other breeding and breeding activities.

(5) Strict monitoring should be carried out on the ponds affected by the disease. Only if there is no positive result in monitoring for three consecutive years, can the breeding and production of such varieties be resumed.

(6) Aquaculture fish with viral disease often secondary bacterial disease, feeding bait can reduce the death caused by secondary bacterial disease.

2. Prevention and treatment measures of rotting gill disease, bacterial septicemia, enteritis and rotten tail disease of cultured fish

(1) Attention should be paid to the improvement of hypoxic pond water body to prevent hypoxic-induced rotten gill disease.

(2) To prevent enteritis caused by excessive feeding.

(3) Pay attention to the regular disinfection of eutrophic ponds to reduce the occurrence of bacterial septicemia in freshwater fish.

(4) After the onset of the disease, the whole pool was sprinkled with national standard water environmental disinfectant, and the national standard antimicrobial fishing baits were taken internally.

3. Prevention and treatment of White spot syndrome in Penaeus vannamei

(1) Feeding immune enhancers to improve the immunity and disease resistance of Penaeus vannamei.

(2) After the onset of prawn, catch sick prawn and weak prawn with nets to reduce the spread of disease.

Forecast and forecast of aquaculture diseases in Hebei Province

prognostic

(a) carp edema disease: pathogen for carp edema virus, mainly harm carp and koi, the onset of water temperature of 17℃~30℃, especially in 20℃~28℃ easy to disease, horizontal transmission is the main way of transmission, acute onset, high mortality, change water, improper use of drugs or water quality, weather mutation, can induce the outbreak of the disease. The main breeding areas of inland carp need to focus on prevention and control.

(2) Bacterial septicemia of freshwater fish: The pathogen is Aeromonas hydrophila. Damage carp, carp, silver carp, bighead and other freshwater fish, water temperature at 9℃~36℃ are popular, with a rapid course of disease, high mortality characteristics, the disease can spread level. The main freshwater fish farming areas need to focus on prevention and control.

(3) bacterial enteritis: freshwater fish mainly harm g RASs carp, carp, crucian carp, etc., often with bacterial rot gill disease, red skin disease, etc., easy to onset and epidemic when water temperature above 18℃, 25℃~30℃ is the epidemic peak; The main Marine fish are flounder, turbot, half smooth tongue sole and so on. Freshwater fish farming areas and Marine fish factory farming areas need to focus on prevention and control.

(4) White spot syndrome: it is easy to break out when the water temperature is between 18℃ and 30℃, mainly occurring in Penaeus vannamei, Penaeus chinensis, Penaeus japonicus, etc. Key prevention and control measures should be taken in the main cultivation areas of prawns.

(5) Acute hepatopancreas necrosis of prawn:

It is a bacterial disease that harms cultured shrimp, mainly penaeus vannamei and Penaeus chinensis, etc. Oral infection is the main way of transmission of this disease. Key prevention and control measures should be taken in the main cultivation areas of prawns. In addition, attention should also be paid to fresh water fish rotten gill disease, trichomerosis, ascites disease of sea fish, cryptokaryon irritans disease, vibriosis of prawn, turtle red plate disease, turtle ulceration and so on.
The prevention and control measures

(1) Preventive measures

1. Tools should be disinfected in the breeding pond; Regularly use chlorine preparation, iodine preparation or quick lime to disinfect the pool water, timely adjust the water quality or add new water to maintain a good water quality environment.

2. Maintain reasonable breeding density and moderate water load; Pay attention to weather changes, reduce stress response, strengthen pond patrol, prevent floating head, timely boot oxygen; Measures should be taken if illness is found.

3. Improve the quality of feed, add multi-dimensional and immune polysaccharide to feed regularly to improve the disease resistance of fish; Flexibly control the feeding amount according to the weather, water quality and feeding condition of fish body, and do not overfeed.

(2) Therapeutic measures

1. For carp edema disease, isolated feeding should be carried out in the ponds and adjacent ponds, and the breeding equipment should be disinfected and special, and the dead fish should be treated harmless. The water of the diseased fish pond is prohibited to discharge, and the movement and transportation of diseased fish in the farms are restricted. For the pond that is suffering from disease, it should stop changing water, turn on the machine to increase oxygen, keep sufficient dissolved oxygen, reduce stress stimulation, and stop feeding bait; If the drug is stopped at the early stage of the disease, the antiviral traditional Chinese medicine (sanhuang powder, rhubarb powder, etc.) can be sprayed once or twice in the whole pool after 4 to 5 days of the disease, with a dose of 10g/m³ water.

2. For freshwater fish bacterial septicemia and fish bacterial enteritis, can be used to feed the national standard fishing drugs antibiotics with bait, while disinfection of water bodies.

3. There is no effective treatment for white spot syndrome in shrimp at present, but it can be controlled by improving the density of shrimp culture, improving water quality with probiotics, and adding Vc or multivitamin in feed to enhance shrimp constitution.

4. For acute hepatopancreas necrosis of penaeus prawn, the control measures can be taken, such as improving water quality and substrate, reducing feeding amount, adding beneficial bacteria into the feed, and feeding liver protective drugs at intervals.

Liaoning province aquaculture disease forecast

prognostic

1. Carp and koi: carp edema disease is easy to occur. Focus on Shenyang, Liaoyang, Yingkou aquaculture area.
2 carp: easy to rot gill, red skin, bleeding, enteritis, printing disease. Focus on all breeding areas in Liaoning Province.

G RASs carp: prone to bleeding, enteritis, rotten gill disease. Focus on shenyang, Liaoyang, Anshan main raising area.

4. Carp: myxosporidiosis is easy to occur. Focus on shenyang aquaculture area.

5 silver carp and aristichthys nobilis: easy to rot gill, enteritis, red skin, printing and explosive hemorrhagic disease. Focus on large surface aquaculture areas in Liaoning Province.

6. Turbot: prone to enteritis, ascites and ciliosis. Focus on huludao culture zone.

7. Rainbow trout: prone to enteritis, rotten gills and pa RASitic diseases. Focus on benxi, Huludao, Dandong aquaculture zone.

Tilapia: prone to enteritis. Focus on huludao culture zone.

9. Shrimp: Prone to white spot. Focus on coastal and Anshan aquaculture areas.

10. Sea cucumber: prone to biochemical skin and pachymouth disease. Focus on coastal breeding areas.

Jellyfish: prone to bubble disease, atrophy, rot and other diseases. Focus on dandong aquaculture zone.

12. Philippine clam: prone to vibriosis, and alert to the effects of red tide. Focus on dandong tidal flat aquaculture area.

13. River crab: prone to edema disease, black gill disease, sessile ciliate disease, trembling disease. Focus on panjin, Anshan crab culture area.

14. Loach fish: prone to enteritis. Focus on Panjin, Anshan aquaculture area.

The prevention and control measures

Biological capacity is in September 2021, aquaculture ponds maximum throw the bait, unit water quantity, water quality of the most polluted in various diseases easily happened, breeding units (units) for disease prevention and control at the same time, be aware that is also a variety of aquaculture products listed time to start in September, in disease prevention and control must use national standard drugs, strict adherence to take medicine, Ensure the quality and safety of listed aquatic products.

1. Carp edema disease: mainly to enhance immunity, maintain water stability, increase water dissolved oxygen, reduce stress response.

2. Strengthen water quality management and maintain a good breeding environment. September is the most serious period of aquaculture water pollution, regular use of disinfection preparations and microbial preparations to regulate and improve water quality, can prevent disease. The occurrence of floating head and flooding pool can be prevented by properly filling new water and increasing the time of opening oxygen generator.

Forecast and forecast of aquaculture diseases in Zhejiang Province

prognostic

1. Penaeus vannamei: prone to white spot syndrome, acute hepatopancreas necrosis, etc., focusing on shrimp culture areas along hangzhou Bay and Zhejiang coast.

2. Large yellow croaker: prone to vibriosis, white gill disease, etc., focusing on the coastal sea cage culture areas in eastern and southern Zhejiang.

3. Sea crabs: prone to yellow water disease, sessile ciliosis, etc., focusing on the coastal crab breeding areas in eastern and southern Zhejiang.

4. Freshwater fish: prone to enteritis disease, rotting gill disease, iridovirus disease and pa RASitic diseases, etc., focusing on the freshwater breeding areas in north, central and eastern Zhejiang.

5. Chinese turtle: prone to red neck disease, ulceration and other bacterial diseases, focusing on north and central Zhejiang Chinese turtle breeding areas.

The prevention and control measures

(1) Preventive measures

Strengthen management of breeding production. Regular regulation of water quality, with iodine or chlorine containing disinfectant disinfection aquaculture water; Add water to change water regularly to maintain fresh water quality; Scientific and reasonable feeding, according to the water temperature, weather and eating conditions reasonable feeding quality feed; Pay close attention to weather changes and patrol ponds in time; Timely start oxygen generator, promote the circulation of surface water and bottom water, make dissolved oxygen uniform and reasonable, increase fish appetite and disease resistance; If conditions permit, the farms should measure ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and nitrite in water regularly or irregularly, and take corresponding measures in time according to different situations.

1. Viral diseases of Penaeus vannamei: water quality should be regulated regularly; Timely open oxygen generator; Reach the commercial specifications of the shrimp caught in time to market, in order to maintain a reasonable density in the pond, promote the growth of shrimp.

2. Vibriosis of large yellow croaker: keep water flowing and feed high-quality feed; Avoid fish body ab RASion, found injured fish body should be immersed in fresh water or strong salt water surface wash; Remove sick and dead fish in time.

3. Sea crab yellow water disease: keep the salinity of sea water in the appropriate range and relatively stable, regularly with bromochlorhaine disinfection.

4. Enteritis and rotten gill disease of freshwater fish: regularly disinfect the aquaculture water body, regularly change the water, so that the aquaculture water body always remains fat, alive, tender and cool; Feed should pay attention to "four fixed".

5. Chinese turtle: do daily disinfection and water quality control; Pay attention to feeding fresh feed, control feeding amount, avoid pollution of water quality.

(2) Therapeutic measures

1. Acute hepatopancreas necrosis of Penaeus vannamei: in case of suspected illness, feeding should be stopped immediately, and povidone iodine solution should be sprayed to disinfect the whole pond. After pond disinfection, poor quality should be timely improved.

2. White gill disease of rhubarb: prevention should be given priority to, cage layout should be reasonable, breeding density should be reduced, and water flow should be kept unimpeded; During the high temperature period, feeding fresh bait was reduced, and feeding was stopped for 3 ~5 days during the onset of disease. Can also be fed rhubarb, coptis, astragalus polysaccharides and other Chinese herbal medicine to a certain degree of prevention and treatment effect.

3. Ciliate disease of sea crabs: zinc sulfate powder and sodium periodate (aquatic products) with the whole pond sprinkling, at the same time available shrimp and crab shelled promote long loose bait cast feeding, promote crab molting.
4. Bacterial diseases of freshwater fish: Water in aquaculture ponds should be disinfected with disinfectants such as trichloroisocyanurate powder or iodine disinfectant; At the same time, through drug sensitivity test to select the appropriate drug mix feeding. The national standard fishery drug methsulfone mycin powder has certain curative effect on the treatment of bacterial septicemia, enteritis and erythroderma of fishes. For the treatment of fish rotten gill disease, chlorine-containing preparations can be used for disinfection, such as fluorphenicol powder and other national standard fishing drugs for oral administration; Treatment of fish enteritis disease can choose to use fluorine fenicao powder and other national standard fish medicine.

5. Chinese turtle bacterial diseases: water should be disinfected with iodine disinfectant containing chlorine or povidone iodine, and water should be added appropriately to improve water quality; When the onset of disease, the use of national standard fish drug methionomycin powder, fenicol powder and other mixed feed.

Forecast of aquaculture diseases in Jiangsu Province

prognostic

1. Fish bacterial septicemia, enteritis, Ergasilus Sinensis, Ergasilus ergasilus, Ergasilus ergasilus, etc. : Focus on prevention and control in high density aquaculture areas of freshwater fish.

2. Crucian carp hematopoietic necrosis and myxosporiosis: focus on yancheng and other crucian carp breeding areas.

3. Koi herpesvirus disease: focus on ornamental fish breeding areas in Suzhou, Xuzhou and Nantong.

4. Shrimp rotten gill disease, enteritis disease, vibriosis, white spot syndrome, etc. : Focus on nantong, Yancheng and other shrimp high-density breeding areas.

5. Hepatopancreas disease syndrome, shell molting failure, ciliosis, trembling, etc. : focus on suqian, Huai 'an, Suzhou, Changzhou and other high density crab culture areas.

The prevention and control measures

1. Fish bacterial enteritis: Sanhuang powder, radix isatidis and other Chinese herbal medicine can be used for treatment. The usage and dosage should be carried out according to the instructions. Or the use of national provisions of aquaculture with antibacterial drugs, but must be symptomatic, to use.

2. Fish myxosporidiosis: the prevention of first selection of uninfected fish species, followed by the pond dredging, with quick lime and other drugs to strictly clean the pond disinfection, and the fish species drug immersion; Treatment can use the Chinese herbal medicine used in aquaculture regulated by the state, such as Baibu Guanzhong SAN, the whole pond sprinkling, or choose the antigen-insect medicine mixed feed used in aquaculture regulated by the state.

3. Ergasilus ergasilus: the main method of controlling Ergasilus ergasilus ergasilus was killing ergasilus ergasilus larva in water to cut off its life history. Aquiline was used to clean and disinfect aquiline, ergasilus ergilus in water could kill Ergasilus ergilus in water. Dip the fish in the pond, potassium permanganate solution fish kills all larvae and part of the adult treatment available refined trichlorfon powder 20%, should be based on the life of the anchor head 鳋 and reproductive characteristics of drug use, need to remedy to the case 2 ~ 3 times in a row, each time interval the number of days with water temperature and decide, generally for 7 days. There are fewer days between high water temperature; Conversely, it is more.

4. Crucian carp hematopoietic organ necrosis disease: purchase the quarantine qualified parent fish, fry, fish; Regular administration of natural plant antiviral drugs; Adding proper amount of immune enhancer in feed to improve the immunity of fish; Reduce stress in fish culture. Once a suspected disease is found, it should be immediately reported to the local aquatic animal disease control agency (or aquatic technology extension agency), and send samples to a qualified laboratory for diagnosis. At the same time to take the following measures to control: timely fish out of the dead and harmless treatment; The operation tools are sterilized with high concentration iodine preparation, which is specially used for the pond. The whole pool is sprayed with iodine to disinfect the water body, and natural plant antiviral drugs are taken orally to control bacterial and pa RASitic diseases and concurrent infection; Reduce feeding quantity, control water quality, reduce drug use, avoid fish stress.

5. Hepatopancreas disease syndrome of crab: antiseptic with iodine preparation is sprayed externally. For liver damage, aquatic products with liver protection and liver protection can be taken orally, gradually adjust and restore liver tissue and function, and improve the body immunity and disease resistance of crab; Strengthen the improvement and repair of water environment, and regularly use biological bottom modification agents; Adding immune polysaccharide and multi-dimensional shrimp and crab in the feed can improve the immunity of crab and enhance anti-stress ability.

White spot syndrome of shrimp :(1) when the occurrence of shrimp viroid disease is suspected, the rate of disease can be slowed down by maintaining the state of high dissolved oxygen, low ammonia nitrogen and low nitrite nitrogen in the aquaculture water, and maintaining the stable water quality indexes such as temperature, pH and salinity in the aquaculture water. (2) If aquaculture prawn has signs of disease, it shall be sent to the aquatic animal disease testing laboratory at or above the county level for detection and confirmation in time. The production, circulation and trade of the parents and seedlings of confirmed cases shall be prohibited. The diseased and dead shrimps should be taken out in time and treated with deep burial method or corpse method.

(3) When the pond is cleared, the aquaculture wastewater should be disinfected with quicklime for 12 hours before discharge; At the same time, the breeding facilities and appliances were thoroughly disinfected.

7. Failure of molting shell of river crab: sprinkle quicklime regularly to keep the water weakly alkaline, and the concentration of calcium ion in the water should not be low

PREVIOUS：Water hardness, which is very important for a NEXT："Breeding + breeding" combination attack, shr